4 Year Old
Developmental Characteristics 

 

 

 


 

Physical

·          Able to climb equipment provided for that purpose

·          Catches a twelve-inch ball or beach ball when it is thrown to him/her

·          Hops on one foot – four steps

·          Skips – hops on one foot, then the other in a continuous movement from place to place

·          Can thread beads or spools on strings

·          Buckles, laces and zips on dressing frames with only minor help

·          Dresses self – unfastens and removes and/or replaces and fastens most of own clothes without help or undue delay.  Unnecessary to tie.

·          Puts on socks and shoes with limited assistance needed.  Verbal direction permitted

·          Uses spoon & fork effectively

·          Toilets self – cares for ordinary toilet needs without undue assistance; manages clothing, cleaning (papering) and bathroom facilities acceptably according to conventional routine

·          Washes hands and face; wipes water on face and uses soap on hands and rinses hands; perfection not necessary

·          Will try new foods when served

·          Walks on the balance beam forward, backward and sideward most of the time

·          Balances on one foot for 5 seconds

·          Claps and marches in time to music

·          Throws ball in air and catches it

·          Bounces and catches a ball

·          Crosses midline left-to-right and right-to-left

·          Folds and creases paper two times in halves and fourths

·          Builds a bridge with three blocks

·          Screws and unscrews threaded objects

·          Squeezes and fastens clothes pins

·          Works puzzles of 10-20 pieces

·          Pastes with some degree of neatness

·          Ability to pump swing

·          Walks up and down stairs alternating feet

·          Holds cup with one hand

·          Puts on coat alone and buttons

·          Walks backward, runs, marches, gallops, hops on one foot, walks on tiptoes, and with good coordination

·          Needs a high level of physical activity

·          Learning to control print

 

Social/Emotional

·          Identifies self by first and last name.  Gives both when requested.

·          Able to separate from parent without crying

 

 

 

 

 

Social/Emotional Cont.

·          Relates positively to adults. Talks positively to adults.  Asks for help and approval

·          Seeks a child to play with and responds to overture from another child

·          Plays cooperatively in groups of 2, 3 or more children 

·          Shares toys and materials with other children, usually

·          Asks for a turn; waits turns without too much impatience

·          Knows the name of and calls by name two adults on staff, or two other children

·          Helps or offers to do something, such as helping to set places at lunch or helping to clean up

·          Joins in song or group games with others - children’s songs, action songs; memorizes words and melodies; shares in events when singing if desired

·          Sticks with problem-solving games (such as matching games, puzzles) and/or sits at a chosen task until completed (or at least fifteen minutes)

·          Shows pride; shows self-respect or is proud of accomplishments (such as painting, block building, making a sand castle)

·          Stands up for own rights; never permits other children to take advantage

·          Amuses self; makes purposeful use of equipment or activity

·          Can sit through a complete story selected for the age group; listens to a story the teacher is reading and looks at pictures to follow story

·          Show empathy toward other children

·          Learns to use materials and equipment safely

·          Understands that problems can be solved by talking rather than fighting

·          Makes relevant verbal contributions in group discussion

·          Understands that jobs are easier when everyone works together

·          Participates with others in imaginative play

·          Makes choices at the learning center play

·          Plays in cooperative play ten to fifteen minutes

·          Feels good about self and abilities

·          Identifies and expresses feelings verbally

·          Knows age, sex, street address, and phone number

·          Touches and names body parts and knows functions of five senses

·          Takes initiative in learning 

 

Social/Emotional Cont.

·          Takes care of personal items and puts them in assigned space

·          Accepts changes in routine

·          Cleans up their own spills

·          Tattle frequently

·          Like to be helpers, if they initiate the idea

·          Responds to reason, humor, and kindness

·          Enjoys limited competition

·          Beginning to distinguish truth from untruth

 

Cognitive/Intellectual

·          Can identify parts of body by pointing to, or matching, all major visible parts of the body

·          Draws (1). 

·          Tells age to last, or nearest birthday in whole years.  Must be more than rote memory. Ask, “How old were you last year?”  “How old will you be next year?”

·          Can give address (street & number) correctly

·          Draws (2)

·          Can do 2 things at once

·          Understands time concepts better

·          Ask why, how and when

·          Cannot separate fact and fantasy

Pre-reading

·          Listens & follows three directions given for games & activities

·          Represents thoughts in pictures

·          Ranks sounds loud, louder, loudest; soft, softer, softest

·          Orders pictures up to six in sequence to tell a story

·          Listens attentively to story up to five minutes

·          Knows letters in first & last names

Language

·          Identifies many letters of the alphabet

·          Understands concepts that letters have their own sounds

·          Matches colors & color-coded color words

·          Uses complete sentences with up to ten words

·          Shows understanding of past, present, & future tenses by using proper verb form

·          Interprets the main idea of a story

·          Makes comparisons of two objects in terms of same/different

·          Recognizes & sorts common patterns

·          Understand positional terms & concepts

·          Dictates to teacher a sentence describing their painting or picture

·          Looks at books from front to back

·          Looks at page from top to bottom

·          Identifies words in experience story with group

Cognitive/Intellectual – Language Cont.

·          Can identify rhyming words

·          Speaks clearly enough for a stranger to understand

·          Uses connected sentences.  Tells experiences or simple events in sequence (beginning, middle, end).  Uses sentence combinations

·          Recites short verses, rhymes, little songs from memory – or make them up

·          Tells & selects names of primary colors (red, yellow, blue, etc.) when pointing out an object

·          Know the meaning of prepositions such as up & down, in & out, over & under (use “Simon Says” to see) and can use them correctly

·          Uses 500 – 2000 words

·          Uses many words without knowing their meanings

Math/Science

·          Rote counts from one to twenty

·          Understands ordinal positions from first to third

·          Recognize numerals one through ten & puts them in sequence

·          Recognizes sets up to five

·          Compares and classifies objects by size, shape, color & texture

·          Names the four basic shapes & heart, oval & star

·          Counts & matches up to ten objects

·          Can draw a circle

·          Understands basic math concepts:  whole/half/fourth, some/none, most/all, few/many, more than/less than/same as

·          Counts to four.  Counts four objects and knows what he is doing (more than rote counting).  Associates one-to-one counting

·          Can draw a square design (angle corners & about equal sides) with crayon, pencil, or pen on paper or suitable surface.  Design may be drawn with or without copy as part of other drawing.

·          Names correctly three or four coins (penny, nickel, dime, or quarter).  Unnecessary to know their numerical value or relative worth

·          Draws a triangle (angle corners & about equal sides) with crayon, pencil, or pen on paper or suitable surface.  Design may be drawn with or without copy as part of other drawing

·          Can relate concepts of weight (heavy & light)

·          Can understand temperature (hot & cold)

·          Can understand size (large & small)

·          Can understand distance (far & near)

 

Cognitive/Intellectual – Math/Science Cont.

·          Knows seasons & how they relate to events (school starts in fall; Christmas comes in winter)

Pre-writing

·          Strings small beads following a pattern

·          Follows simple peg board, cube & other patterns

·          Follows a sequence of ten holes when lacing

·          Works a puzzle of ten to twenty pieces

·          Uses a crayon or pencil with control within a defined area

·          Connects a dotted outline to make a shape

·          Controls brush & paint

·          Uses scissors with control to cut along straight or curved lines

·          Traces simple patterns & names

·          Draws human figure with head, body, arms & legs

·          Prints first name when requested or for self-satisfaction

·          Prints last name when requested or for self-satisfaction

 
Spiritual/Moral

·          Understands that God loves & cares for them

·          Understands that God/Jesus can do things people cannot do

·          Knows that Jesus loves them & helps them

·          Realizes that Jesus was a baby, a boy, and then a man

·          Knows the Bible tells how people have shown their love for God and Jesus

·          Realizes he/she can love & help others

·          Realizes that people are alike in some ways & different in other ways

·          Loves & helps others in his/her family, realizing that each has rights & responsibilities

·          Associates their discoveries about the natural world with God

·          Realizes that God wants them to help take care of things in their world

·          Recognizes God hears people when they pray

·          Understands that God is close to us wherever we are

·          Understands that Jesus helps people because He loves them

·          Recognizes that the Bible helps people know how God wants them to live

·          Knows that at church people help them learn about God & Jesus

·          Participates in church activities, singing, praying, telling Bible Stories

 

 

Spiritual/Moral Cont.

·          Feels that they are an important member of their family & participates in family activities

·          Realizes that each person is special & can do many things & understands there are some things they cannot do

·          Can recall Bible stories

·          Can make life application of Bible verses

·          Shows concern for others

·          Asks questions about God

 

 

 

 
Disclaimer:  Information on these pages are subject to change without notice here.  You should always check with the PLC office for the most up to date information.  If you know that there is an error on this page please contact the webmanager or the PLC.
 

07.15.2005

 

 

 

 

 

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